Chapter 3 of Reading and Writing for Civic Literacy

In this chapter, Donald Lazere talks a little about how bias can be created by one's background, whether it be ethnic, religious, political or regional. It also talks about when formulating your arguments, they must appeal to a general audience, as stated by Mina Shaughnessy in her book Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing. Also how recursiveness and cumulativeness are effective in understanding the writer's point. Rereading a previous section and the building up of ideas to reach the overall point the author is trying to make.

Recursiveness, I thin, is pretty key in understanding anything. Repetition helps us to memorize and if there was something that we may have missed upon reading it the first time around, we'll be hopeful to catch it the second time around, or however many attempts it takes. Also cumulativeness because the reader is feed points by the author before he makes their conclusion or makes their point true to the audience.